ABSTRACT
Neuromuscular diseases represent a rare cause of dilated myocardiopathy, among them Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common. Transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can assess cardiac involvement early. The case of a patient diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who develops cardiac involvement during cardiology follow-up is presented below.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnosis , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Dystrophin/genetics , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/classification , Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Heart FailureABSTRACT
Hypertension in black patients is usually more frequent and associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Due to demographic changes in the Chilean population, dealing with this group of patients has become more frequent. The case of a young Haitian patient with severe hypertension and target organ damage is presented.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/drug therapy , Blood Pressure Determination , Prevalence , Black People , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/physiopathology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Antihypertensive AgentsABSTRACT
Congenital mitral valve disease is a rare form of mitral regurgitation. The etiological diagnosis is often challenging. The transthoracic echocardiogram is presented as a good initial approach method. The case of a 29-year-old patient referred for the diagnosis of severe congenital mitral regurgitation in parachute is presented. This report aims to illustrate the clinical and echocardiographic presentation of congenital mitral regurgitation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography , Prevalence , Mitral Valve/surgery , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Congenital heart disease includes a wide range of heart defects that appear at birth, corresponding to the most frequent group of genetic alterations. They represent the most frequent birth defects in the world, affecting millions of newborns annually. Chile is not exempt from this public health problem, estimating a prevalence of 8-10 per 1,000 live births, similar to international figures. Some of these defects are not diagnosed in a timely manner due to various causes, including causes such as poor clinical translation and limited accessibility to the Public Health system. Thanks to the improvement of technological resources, more cases of congenital heart disease are diagnosed every day and the time of diagnosis is getting earlier. The case presented below refers to a 47-year-old male patient with several comorbidities, who underwent a Doppler echocardiogram during his hospitalization due to acute respiratory failure, where a systodiastolic flow was detected in one of the compatible pulmonary arteries, with a patent ductus arteriosus.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/therapy , Septal Occluder Device , Echocardiography , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosisABSTRACT
Rupture of the ventricular septum with the appearance of an interventricular communication is an infrequent and life-threatening mechanical complication after acute myocardial infarction. The advent of coronary reperfusion therapies has reduced the incidence of this complication, but mortality remains high. The clinical presentation varies from mild compromise with exertional dyspnea to severe compromise with cardiogenic shock. In this pathology, early diagnosis is fundamental and surgical repair is the treatment of choice. In this article we report an interesting clinical case about a 77-year-old woman who was belatedly referred to our hospital and diagnosed with postinfarction rupture of the ventricular septum with an unfortunately fatal evolution. Relevance of this case lies in its atypical clinical presentation which led to a delay in diagnosis and a missed opportunity for early reperfusion therapy. An updated literature review about rupture of the ventricular septum complicating acute myocardial infarction was carried out.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Ventricular Septal Rupture/physiopathology , Ventricular Septal Rupture/epidemiology , Shock, Cardiogenic , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Echocardiography , Risk Factors , Ventricular Septal Rupture/diagnosis , Ventricular Septal Rupture/therapy , Myocardial Infarction/complicationsABSTRACT
The development of an effective vaccine against SARSCoV-2 has turned into a global priority in order to stop the advance of this ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To date there are 25 candidate vaccines currently in a clinical trial stage, 3 of which have been subjected to phase I/II preliminary reports (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, BNT162b1 and mRNA-1273). These vaccines have demonstrated to elicit robust cellular and humoral immune responses when compared to convalescent patients serum samples and have shown an acceptable safety profile with no reported severe side effects. Here we discuss the reported evidence regarding these vaccines.
Subject(s)
Humans , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Pandemics/prevention & control , COVID-19 , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology , Immunogenicity, Vaccine , COVID-19 VaccinesABSTRACT
Flexor tendon tenosynovitis is an entrapment of the flexor tendons at its entrance to the pulley system. Because there is a high incidence of this pathology, it should be well known by physicians, rheumathologists and orthopaedic surgeons. On this paper we present a literature review, analyzing the anatomic facts, biomechanics, diagnosis, classification, therapeutic options and we propose some general recommendations for physicians.